Table of Contents

• Foreword
• List of Contributors
• Management techniques for organic apple production in Canterbury, New Zealand
• Biological nitrogen fixation and biomass production in the understorey vegetation of an organic apple orchard in Canterbury, New Zealand
• Apple cultivars for use in organic pipfruit production systems
• Current research on the control of pests and diseases of organic stonefruit
• The effect of changes in understorey management on apple fruit quality
• Biological control of Botrytis cinerea in kiwifruit: Problems and progress
• Mating disruption for caterpillar control in organic pipfruit orchards in New Zealand
• Pests and associated beneficials recorded in a Canterbury pipfruit orchard during the transition to Bio-Gro certification
• Pest control for organic apple production in New Zealand

Foreword

The 10th International Organic Agriculture IFOAM Conference was held at Lincoln University from 11 - 16 December 1994. The strong overseas and New Zealand attendance at this very successful Conference was testimony to the growing international and local interest in organic production systems. New Zealand has witnessed rapid expansion of organic production over recent years in some fruit crops, notably kiwifruit, where innovative technology has provided effective and economic solutions to most of the major production problems. This has permitted the growth of exports of organic kiwifruit to 600,000 trays in 1995. Other fruit crops, such as apples, are proving more challenging to grow organically, especially for export, because of the complex of pest and disease problems and their significance for fruit quality and international quarantine. A strong long-term investment in research and development is needed to ensure organic production in the future.

The Horticulture and Food Research Institute of New Zealand Ltd (HortResearch) contributed written, verbal, and poster papers to the Tree Crops sessions of the IFOAM Conference proceedings, and organised field days and workshops for fruitgrowers. This publication brings together the major papers in a single volume especially for the use of researchers on organic and integrated fruit production, consultants, organic registration authorities, and orchardists growing organically or seeking to reduce their use of agrochemicals. Since the Conference, these papers have been externally refereed and revised and HortResearch is grateful to the following referees for their contribution: Dr Tom Batchelor, ENZA New Zealand (International); Professor Kuan Goh and Drs Bruce Chapman and Alison Stewart, Lincoln University; Dr David Ryde, AgResearch; Drs Peter Cameron and Nicholas Martin, Crop and Food Research Institute; Dr David Penman, Landcare Research.

Following revision and refereeing, the papers are here reprinted from the Proceedings of the Xth International Federation of Organic Agricultural Movements Conference. Enquiries regarding these Proceedings should be addressed to Xth IFOAM Conference Secretary, Centre for Continuing Education, PO Box 84, Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand (Phone +64-3-3253819; Fax +64-3-3253840; E-mail CRABBD@LINCOLN.AC.NZ).

HortResearch acknowledges the financial support of the Foundation for Research Science and Technology (Public Good Science Fund), ENZA New Zealand (International), the New Zealand Kiwifruit Marketing Board, and the New Zealand Summerfruit Research Council for the research results described in these papers.

Copies of this Volume can be obtained by contacting HortResearch, Private Bag 11030, Palmerston North, New Zealand (Phone +64-6-356-8080; Fax +64-6-354-6731).
C.H. Wearing - Editor

List of Contributors