Lightbrown apple moth - Mortality
No comprehensive analysis has been carried out of the importance and role of mortality factors affecting lightbrown apple moth populations in apple orchards in New Zealand. The following Table is based on several studies in New Zealand and Australia.

Mortality factor	Importance	Mortality	Density dependence	Causes
Unfulfilled fecundity	Major	70-86%	Yes for larval crowding	Mainly weather, host plant, larval density
Infertility	Insignificant	<1%	No
Inviability	Minor	2-4%	No	Weather
Egg predation/parasitism	Minor	4-10%	Delayed density dependence for Trichogramma spp.	Predatory bugs, Anystis baccarum, Trichogramma spp.
Predation and losses of young larvae	Major	48-94%	Imperfect density dependence	Spiders, earwigs, predatory bugs, Anystis baccarum, emigration, weather, birds
Larval parasitism, all species Dolichogenidea tasmanica	Unknown in NZ*	23-55% 20-50%	Species-dependent Not clear for this species*	Complex of parasitoids, the most abundant in New Zealand being Dolichogenidea tasmanica
Nucleopolyhedrosis virus	Insignificant	<1%	Yes
Larval/pupal parasitism	Minor	<5% in orchards	Unknown	Pales spp. and complex of introduced parasitoids.
Migration	Major		Highly probable	High populations on nearby host plants causing immigration into low resident density in orchards
* Studies in Australia indicate that none of the parasitoids of lightbrown apple moth there are major mortality factors affecting population density. Some parasitoids show density dependence but are not major mortality factors..