Woolly apple aphid - compatibility of chemicals with Aphelinus mali

Aphelinus mali is tolerant of many orchard pesticides, both insecticides and fungicides, but is highly susceptible to some organophosphates (e.g. chlorpyrifos and diazinon). Pirimor® and the newer insect growth regulator insecticides have relatively little impact on A. mali and many of the pesticides approved for use in IFP are not toxic, or have low toxicity, to this parasite.

Note: Inclusion in this list does not indicate recommended inclusion in IFP programmes.

Key to symbols:   C little or no toxicity   I low to moderate toxicity   N highly toxic
Pesticide Effect of residues on
Aphelinus mali adults
Type Common name Group Product
Bacteriocide streptomycin antibiotic Agrimycin® 17 C
Fungicide captan cyclic imide Orthocide® 80W C
  dithianon nitrile compound Delan® 500SC C
  dodine guanidine derivative Syllit® Plus C
  kresoxim methyl strobilurin Stroby® WG C
  mancozeb dithiocarbamate Dithane® M45 C
  metiram dithiocarbamate Polyram® DF C
  myclobutanil triazole (DMI) Systhane® 40W C
  penconazole triazole (DMI) Topas® C
  pyrimethanil anilinopyramidine Scala® C
  sulphur sulphur Various I1
Insecticide azinphos-methyl organophosphate Gusathion® M35 I
  Bacillus thuringiensis biological Various C
  buprofezin thiadiazine Applaud® 25W C
  carbaryl carbamate Sevin® WP N
  chlorpyrifos organophosphate Lorsban® 50W N
  diazinon organophosphate Basudin® 50WP N
  dimethoate organophosphate Rogor® C
  esfenvalerate synthetic pyrethroid Sumi Alpha® C
  lufenuron benzoylurea Match® C
  malathion organophosphate Various N
  pirimicarb carbamate Pirimor® C
  pyrethrum + piperonyl butoxide botanical Pyrethrum N
  tebufenozide ecdysteroid agonist Mimic® 70W C
  thiacloprid chloronicotinyl CalypsoTM SC ?
  triflumuron benzoylurea Alsystin® 25WP C
Miticide azocyclotin organo-tin Peropal® C
  cyhexatin organo-tin Plictran® C
  fenpyroximate phenoxy pyrazole Fenamite C

1 - Studies in Israel.